西班牙猶太人廣場(chǎng)遺址景觀改造設(shè)計(jì) | el fabricante de espheras

猶太教堂廣場(chǎng)位于西班牙翁達(dá)市歷史中心區(qū)，作為伊斯蘭時(shí)期（s.XI-sXII）的重要文化遺產(chǎn)，于1967年被正式列入遺產(chǎn)名錄。它位于中世紀(jì)老城區(qū)的一處地形復(fù)雜的空地，靠近中世紀(jì)阿拉伯宮殿和基督教堂遺址。歷史上這里曾是社交聚會(huì)的空間，后又曾作為農(nóng)業(yè)用地和校園操場(chǎng)。近幾十年來，廣場(chǎng)的功能僅限于停車場(chǎng)，致使空間品質(zhì)受損。2016年的一次考古發(fā)掘，讓埋藏在地下5米深處的中世紀(jì)石砌夯土圍墻，以及部分殘留的階梯和拱形壁柱重現(xiàn)天日，這成為啟動(dòng)城市更新和遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)項(xiàng)目的契機(jī)。

The project is an urban regeneration and heritage intervention, located in the Historical City Center of Onda, from de Islamic period (s.XI-sXII) declared as a Monument of Significant Cultural Interest with the Monument category in 1967. The square is a void in the medieval city, in a topographic area, close to the archaeological rests of arabic medieval palaces and the Chistian Church. This square was a social meeting space in the past, for agriculture uses or as a playground of a children’s school. But in the last decades was used only as a parking lot, degradating the quality of the space. In 2016, during an archeological research, an enclosure of medieval rammed earth walls reinforced with stones and the rests of a stair and pilasters of arches were discovered 5 meters deep in the ground.

▼ 項(xiàng)目概覽

Project overview ? Milena Villalba

▼位于翁達(dá)城市歷史中心區(qū)的遺跡

A monument in the Historical City Center of Onda ?Milena Villalba

考古發(fā)現(xiàn)，廣場(chǎng)上曾有一處15米見方的圍合空間，中央是一艘安達(dá)盧西亞木筏，四周有1.4米厚的石墻。13-14世紀(jì)的醫(yī)院騎士團(tuán)統(tǒng)治時(shí)期，人們還在這里建造了與周邊民居或宗教建筑相連接的四排石拱門和一座哥特式階梯。本案希望幫助周邊人口顯著減少的社區(qū)恢復(fù)吸引力和公共生活，將考古遺址與廣場(chǎng)的其他部分相融合，重新建立與街道的交通聯(lián)系，畢竟在多年的考古發(fā)掘過程中，這里是一座封閉的孤島。

In the archaeological site were discovered the remains of a large space 15x15 meters size, from an Andalusian raft of the 12th Century surrounded by 1,40 meters thick walls. This space was reused during the 13-14th Century, during the Hospital Christian Order time, building 4 lines of stone arches and a Gothic staircase from a civil or religious building. The aim of the intervention is to recover the interest and urban life of the neighborhood with an evident depopulation, from the reintegration of the archaeological site to the rest of the square and restoring the connexions to the streets that were lost during years in the archaeological works.

▼中世紀(jì)遺留下的夯土圍墻、樓梯和拱形壁柱

An enclosure of medieval rammed earth walls, the rests of a stair and pilasters of arches ? Milena Villalba 

▼考古平面圖

Archeology plan ? el fabricante de espheras

在與當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窈蜕鐓^(qū)舉辦討論會(huì)的過程中，設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)不斷調(diào)整設(shè)計(jì)方案，以滿足各種特殊需求，如殘障人士、小微企業(yè)、便捷通道，以及會(huì)議和兒童玩耍空間等。

The design was adjusted through different meetings with neighbors and residents of the neighborhood, to adapt to the different particularities: people with reduced mobility, small businesses, preferential routes, needs of meeting and play spaces.

▼設(shè)計(jì)平面圖

Intervention plan ? el fabricante de espheras

▼剖面圖

Section ? el fabricante de espheras

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)希望用包容性設(shè)計(jì)來提升社區(qū)居民的生活質(zhì)量。他們嘗試將不同高差的場(chǎng)地連接起來，并使用防滑石磚鋪地，既安全又與傳統(tǒng)的鋪裝風(fēng)格相協(xié)調(diào)。在解決與街道的連接問題時(shí)，設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)采用了平緩的坡道和低矮的臺(tái)階，以便于老年人日常使用，如去買面包、去教堂禮拜，或去學(xué)校接送孩子等。

The project was designed from an inclusive perspective, to improve the quality of life of people in the neighborhood. The project tries to reconnect the different levels of the place, building a floor with a continuous paving of anti-slipping stone as an adaptation of the traditional paving system. The connections with the streets are solved with soft ramps and with stairs of small height, to facilitate the daily displacements of the elderly people...to go to the oven, to the Church or to take the children to school. 

▼防滑石地面與傳統(tǒng)鋪裝風(fēng)格相協(xié)調(diào)

A floor with a continuous paving of anti-slipping stone as an adaptation of the traditional paving system ? Milena Villalba 

▼舒緩的坡道和階梯便于老人使用

Soft ramps and with stairs of small height, to facilitate the daily displacements of the elderly people ? Milena Villalba 

▼順應(yīng)地形變化的平臺(tái)和階梯

Wooden platform adapted to the natural topography with steps ? Milena Villalba 

位于廣場(chǎng)一側(cè)的瓦倫西亞大街歷史悠久，然而自從考古發(fā)掘啟動(dòng)以來，它與古城中心區(qū)的交通聯(lián)系就中斷了。為了復(fù)興這條歷史廊道，設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)順應(yīng)地形設(shè)置了一座有臺(tái)階的木制平臺(tái)，飛跨于考古遺址之上，成為與街道相銜接的公共空間。漂浮平臺(tái)的木板選自非洲黃金木，經(jīng)人工定位鋪裝嵌入鋼制框架中，根據(jù)場(chǎng)地不同的高差而靈活調(diào)整。平臺(tái)上輕巧交錯(cuò)的臺(tái)階成為人們的休憩閑聊之地。此外，木材料的運(yùn)用也為這個(gè)微型城市空間增添了一份可觸摸的親切感。

The historical Valencia Street had been lost when the archaeological area was opened up and disconnected from the historical center. A large wooden platform that adapts to the natural topography with steps, recovers this historic access road. The floating plaza is a continuity of the public space of the surrounding streets, which overflies the archaeological space. A floating pavement of iroko wood slats, with details of handcrafted placement, on a steel structure that allows it to adapt to the topography, through a gentle staggering of small steps to sit and chat. An urban space made of wood, friendly, that promotes the tactile sensation of small scale in urban spaces.

▼下沉的考古遺址成為兒童玩耍的空間

The archaeology site turns into play spaces for children ? Milena Villalba

▼調(diào)整后的步行環(huán)境與線路

Adjusted pedestrian environment and preferential routes ? Milena Villalba 

▼ 親切宜人的微型城市空間

Tactile sensation of small scale in urban spaces ? Milena Villalba 

▼施工過程

Construction process ? Milena Villalba 

▼翁達(dá)城市平面圖

Onda's plan ? el fabricante de espheras

▼場(chǎng)地平面圖

Location plan ? el fabricante de espheras

▼地下平面圖

Basement ? el fabricante de espheras

_{項(xiàng)目基本信息}

_{項(xiàng)目名稱: 翁達(dá)歷史中心區(qū)的猶太人廣場(chǎng)}

_{發(fā)起方: el fabricante de espheras, Grupo Aranea, Cel-Ras Arquitectura  建筑師: Pasqual Herrero Vicent, Francisco Leiva Ivorra, Juan Miguel Gil García, Fernando Navarro Carmona, Eduardo J. Solaz Fuster, Ma Amparo Sebastiá Esteve} 

_{合作建筑師：Andrés Llopis Pérez, Jorge Juan Roy Pérez, María Pitarch Roig, Anna Morro Pe?a, Víctor Mu?oz Macián, Yasmina Juan Osa, Francisco Pi?ó Alcaide, Andrea Gargallo Manota} 

_{結(jié)構(gòu)工程師：Alejandro Doménech Monforte}

_{農(nóng)業(yè)工程師：Marta García Chico}

_{建筑工程師：José Luis Carratalà Rico, Guillem García Martí, Sara Juanes Herrera, Elisa García Capilla}

_{攝影：Milena Villalba}

_{建設(shè)年份: 2018-2020  項(xiàng)目尺寸: 1.029m2}

_{預(yù)算：455.350,88€}

_{Project: Plaza de la Sinagoga en el centro histórico de Onda/Synagogue Square in the historic center of Onda} 

_{Authors: el fabricante de espheras, Grupo Aranea, Cel-Ras Arquitectura}

_{Project Architects: Pasqual Herrero Vicent, Francisco Leiva Ivorra, Juan Miguel Gil García, Fernando Navarro Carmona, Eduardo J. Solaz Fuster, Ma Amparo Sebastiá Esteve} 

_{Collaborator Architects: Andrés Llopis Pérez, Jorge Juan Roy Pérez, María Pitarch Roig, Anna Morro Pe?a, Víctor Mu?oz Macián, Yasmina Juan Osa, Francisco Pi?ó Alcaide, Andrea Gargallo Manota} 

_{Structures Engineer: Alejandro Doménech Monforte} 

_{Agricultural Engineer: Marta García Chico} 

_{Building Engineer: José Luis Carratalà Rico, Guillem García Martí, Sara Juanes Herrera, Elisa García Capilla}

_{Photographer: Milena Villalba}

_{Project-construction year: 2018-2020} 

_{Area: 1.029m2} 

_{Budget: 455.350,88€}

_{編譯：申瑞琪}

_{版權(quán)聲明：本文版權(quán)歸原作者所有，請(qǐng)勿以景觀中國編輯版本轉(zhuǎn)載。如有侵犯您的權(quán)益請(qǐng)及時(shí)聯(lián)系，我們將第一時(shí)間刪除。}

_{投稿郵箱：info@landscape.cn}

_{項(xiàng)目咨詢：18510568018（微信同號(hào)）}