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南京園博園悅榕莊景觀設計 | 瀚世景觀

瀚世國際設計 2022-01-06

原創

項目名稱：

南京園博園悅榕莊酒店
項目地點：

江蘇南京
項目規模：

40000㎡
設計公司：

瀚世景觀規劃設計（上海）有限公司
委托方：

南京園博園
建成時間：

2021年
圖片來源：

xf photography- Voyager 21、賴連取

一顆石頭可以大到是一座山

石頭可以成為建筑材料成為邊界成為庇護所

石頭可以分解與水作用加上陽光空氣孕育生命

A stone can be as big as a mountain.

Stones can become building materials, borders and shelters.

Stone can decompose and interact with wate、 sunshine 、 air breed life.

和設計師在討論選石頭還是選綠化，就像當初設計匯報時爭論的焦點，我想的景觀設計不是把綠化鋪的滿滿當當就算完事兒，那充其量只能說是搞綠化，我更愿意見到這塊石頭經過風吹雨打，自然演替后迸發新生的綠苗；日光不同角度下反射礦石上的機理；宛如人類在新星體上建設文明的壯闊，以及所有住客穿梭在未來與現實間的奇妙表情。

Discussing with the designer whether to choose stone or greening is like the focus of debate in the original design report. I think the landscape design is not to make the greening full even if it is finished。 At best, it can only be said to be greening. I prefer to see this stone burst into new green seedlings after wind and rain; The mechanism of sunlight reflecting on ore at different angles; It is like the magnificence of human civilization on the new star, and the wonderful expression of all residents shuttling between the future and reality.

采石的礦場留下的是裸露的巖層，斜射照出耀眼的地質特征，最原始的地質魅力裸現眼前。

The quarry left bare rock strata, which reflected dazzling geological features and exposed the most primitive geological charm.

園博園南京悅榕莊總平面圖

General layout of Nanjing banyan tree garden

利用先鋒植物群落的演替

Using the succession of pioneer plant community

先鋒植物是最先建立起來的植物群落，在巖石或裸地上一般是從生長地衣開始的，因為地衣為旱生原生演替的先鋒群落，植物世界中生命力最強的是地衣．據測試，地衣在零下273度的低溫還能生長，因此無論是沙漠、北極，甚至海龜的背上它都能生長，在改造鹽堿地、沙荒地時，根據氣候土壤的具體情況選擇適應的植物種類，建立先鋒植物群落，以便使不毛之地逐步被改造為可生長植物的土地。

Pioneer plants are the first plant communities to be established. Lichens generally begin to grow on rocks or bare ground, because lichens are the pioneer communities of xerophytic primary succession, and lichens have the strongest vitality in the plant world. According to tests, lichens can grow at a low temperature of minus 273 degrees, so they can grow in deserts, the Arctic and even on the back of sea turtles, In the transformation of saline alkali land and sandy wasteland, the adaptive plant species shall be selected according to the specific conditions of climate and soil, and the pioneer plant community shall be established, so as to gradually transform the barren land into a land where plants can grow.

伴隨巖石風化和土壤發育的歷史過程，巖面上最先出現地衣、苔蘚等先鋒群落，繼后由草本群落、灌木叢群落、森林群落順序的取代，這種在歷史發展中相互銜接的各個植物群落就構成一個演替系列；多年生禾本植物：花葉芒草、細葉芒、狼尾草-多年生草本，喜溫暖、濕潤及光照充足的條件，耐寒耐旱，不擇土壤，耐貧瘠植物：松、杉、櫟、楊、槐-耐干旱及寒冷，耐貧瘠適宜生長在排水良好的沙質土壤，這些植物通常生命力極強；用先鋒物種搭建生態群落的方法稱為物種框架方法，對于一個待恢復的生態群落，通常采用喜光的、易于傳播的草本植物作為先鋒物種。它們在演替的早期出現，可以改變地區土質，招引動物，為其他植物、動物的恢復創造條件，這個階段被稱作先鋒階段。

With the historical process of rock weathering and soil development, pioneer communities such as lichen and moss first appeared on the rock surface, and then replaced by herb community, shrub community and forest community. Each plant community connected with each other in the historical development constitutes a succession series; Perennial grasses: Miscanthus formosana, Miscanthus tenuifolia, Pennisetum - perennial herbs, like warm, humid and sufficient light conditions, cold and drought resistance, regardless of soil。Barren resistant plants: pine, fir, oak, poplar and Sophora japonica - drought and cold resistant, barren resistant, suitable for growing in sandy soil with good drainage. These plants usually have strong vitality; The method of building ecological community with pioneer species is called species framework method. For an ecological community to be restored, light loving and easy to spread herbs are usually used as pioneer species. They appear in the early stage of succession, which can change the soil quality of the area, attract animals and create conditions for the recovery of other plants and animals，This stage is called the pioneer stage.

流水改變荒漠化的地表，慢慢恢復生機

Flowing water changes the desertification surface and slowly recovers its vitality.

流水可以對巖石發生剝蝕作用產生河岸的沖積及漫灘，利用峽谷地形收集雨水水系，水系的導入引起巖石的破壞有風化作用和剝蝕作用.風化作用是巖石在原地發生的破壞作用，河谷發育成谷底較寬平時，泥沙堆積在河床兩側的河漫灘上，雨水累積反復漲水，沖積層不斷增厚形成水岸漫灘平原，而漫灘的形成便開啟草原景觀的生長。

The water can denude the rock, produce the alluvial and floodplain on the river bank, and collect the rainwater system by using the canyon terrain. The introduction of the water system causes the damage of the rock, including weathering and denudation Weathering is the destruction of rocks in situ. The valley develops into a wide valley bottom. At ordinary times, sediment accumulates on the floodplain on both sides of the riverbed, the rainwater accumulates and rises repeatedly, and the alluvium continues to thicken to form the water bank floodplain plain, which opens the growth of grassland landscape.

舊礦坑由于長久時間的機械開采，導致水土流失土地嚴重荒漠化，以至于動植物無法再生；為了讓裸露的山石慢慢的復蘇生機，并且礦坑變成獨特魅力的地質地貌體驗，再生一個尋覓野趣的礦坑花園。

Due to long-term mechanical mining in old mines, water and soil loss and serious desertification of land lead to the inability of animals and plants to regenerate; In order to make the exposed rocks slowly revive and turn the mine into a unique geological and geomorphic experience, regenerate a mine garden looking for wild interest.

以自然為師的荒野景觀設計

Wilderness landscape design based on nature

峽谷中自然的生長與衰敗，植物群落的演替與發展，自然主義的景觀設計方法，充滿原生性、多樣性、開發性、偶然性，依循自然的荒野景觀，荷蘭的野草之神Piet Outdolf打造的荒野四季花園，呈現最美又野榮枯衰敗都是美，呈現植物走過四季更迭的自然模樣，同樣理念，我們在恢復礦坑花園樣貌的進程中，是漸進的是演替的是可持續發展的，恢復生態系統中的生物多樣性表現其天然生長的魅力。

The natural growth and decline in the canyon, the succession and development of plant communities, and the naturalistic landscape design method are full of originality, diversity, development and contingency. Following the natural wilderness landscape, the wilderness four seasons garden built by Piet outdoor, the God of wild grass in the Netherlands, is the most beautiful and beautiful, showing the natural appearance of plants passing through the change of seasons, Similarly, in the process of restoring the appearance of the mine garden, we are progressive, successive and sustainable. Restoring the biodiversity in the ecosystem shows the charm of its natural growth.

宛如新星球殖民的建筑風貌及極地景觀

Like the architectural style and polar landscape of the new planet colony

表現大地萬形萬物的變化最是園博園悅榕莊景觀設計的首要策略，壯闊山體崖壁、星辰運行、水元素及陽光與水溪將石礦場變成植物的萌生地，像是一場星球旅程，輝映太陽日照的建筑塊體是人類文明存在的熟悉景象，建筑攀附巖體形成的星球新文明，更是隔絕極地氣候的溫暖太空艙，懸挑半山的溫泉平臺，仰望夜空擁抱暖熱的泉水像最初人類棲身山崖，夜晚漫步在建筑體花園是遙望星際最好的走廊。

The primary strategy of Banyan tree in Nanjing Garden Expo landscape design is to show the changes of all things on the earth. The magnificent mountain cliffs, the movement of stars, water elements, sunlight and water streams turn the quarry into the birthplace of plants, which is like a planetary journey. The building blocks reflecting the sun's sunshine are a familiar scene of the existence of human civilization, and the new planetary civilization formed by buildings clinging to the rock mass, It is a warm space capsule isolated from the polar climate, a hot spring platform suspended in the middle of the mountain, looking up at the night sky and embracing the warm spring, like the first human living on the cliff. Walking in the building garden at night is the best corridor to look at the stars.

是找尋棲息地的原始人找到安全舒適的棲息地

It is the primitive people who look for habitat to find safe and comfortable habitat

溫泉區域都采用原始石塊粗獷的布置，不做細微雕琢的裝飾，來自地心的饋贈熱能源源不斷隨著泉水涌出；并不大的水池整個滿載也就十個人，小孩子原始的喜悅，在山洞間跑來跑去嬉戲，泡在水池中看著一望無際曬得通紅的山谷巖壁，紅色太陽就在地表的那一端慢慢沒入，泡完溫泉后通體舒暢體會大自然的能量在身體四周流淌，作了一回原始的自我。

The hot spring area adopts the rough layout of original stones without subtle carving decoration. The gift heat energy from the center of the earth keeps pouring out with the spring; The small pool is full of ten people. The child's original joy runs around the cave, looks at the endless Red Valley rock wall in the pool, and the red sun slowly sinks into the surface. After soaking in the hot spring, he feels comfortable, feels the energy of nature flowing around his body, and makes a primitive self.

在人類還沒發現火，還沒辦法以人為方法取得熱能的時候，有可能地下的熱能是原始人取得能量的重要來源，現在我們習慣了煤氣爐或者電熱，都忘了大自然能源的重要性，當熾熱滾滾的太陽下到地平線之后，為了對抗冷空氣，就像雪地里的猴子一樣泡在溫泉中，利用來自地心的熱能溫暖身體，大自然的能量與我們人類如此的密切并相依相存。

When humans haven't found fire and can't obtain heat energy artificially, it is possible that underground heat energy is an important source for primitive people to obtain energy. Now we are used to gas stove or electric heating, and we forget the importance of natural energy. When the blazing sun goes down to the horizon, we soak in the hot spring like monkeys in the snow to fight against the cold air, Using the heat energy from the center of the earth to warm the body, the energy of nature is so close and interdependent with us.

荒寂、無期待、驚奇、探索一無所知的異世界

Desolation silence, nothingness expectation、surprise、exploring the strange world of ignorance

創造生活從探索“一無所知”開始，這個場地原本是工礦場地是工人一斧一鑿拉開地表形成裸露出地表下30米的巖層，平常鮮少見到星體最初的面貌，即理所當然的處處充滿驚奇的氣氛，建筑設計攀附巖體而建，是探索路徑的起點、是窺探極地的艙房，而我們是安營扎寨的星際旅人。

Creating life starts from exploring "ignorance". This site was originally an industrial and mining site, which was formed by workers pulling open the surface with one axe and one chisel, exposing the rock stratum 30 meters below the surface. Usually, the original appearance is rarely seen, that is, it is naturally full of an atmosphere of surprise everywhere. The architectural design is built by climbing the rock mass, which is the starting point of the exploration path and the cabin for peeping into the polar region, And we are camped star travelers.

度假是一場發現——不同的地方不同的路徑；不同的建筑不同的房間；不同的習慣不同的味道。

南京園博園規劃的宗旨是打造永遠盛開的“南京花園”，用造園藝術 + 生態培育 + 多樣功能等多種方式，創造世界級的花園群; 技術上采用生態系統、踐行城市雙修理念、修復生態基底，構建生態走廊。悅榕莊位于1990 年始建的湯山龍泉采石場，大片灰白、崖壁山石裸露是基地的現狀，建筑的形態是依山而設、融于山林石壁。景觀設計最主要的目的是保留工業遺址景觀特色、風貌再現，所以我們用縹緲云池、懸浮觀景，半山崖壁、多維空間的景象融入到景觀設計之中，形態如半山崖壁懸浮半空中，形如半室內，內外空間融合，形如居于云海之上空中花園。