關(guān)于深圳沿海保護區(qū)“抵御臺風(fēng)”的最新提案| GVL Gossamer高勢

新型彈性總體規(guī)劃

^{A New Resilient Masterplan}

Mandaworks, GVL Gossamer & Arcadis作為深圳城市規(guī)劃和自然資源局組織的國際競賽的入圍單位，為深圳僅剩的自然海岸線提出了一個新型彈性總體規(guī)劃。位于中國最大城市之一深圳的西涌海岸保護區(qū) —— 山海島公園，為久居都市的人們提供了天然海濱度假體驗，保護了當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)和社區(qū)遺產(chǎn)，同時也為日益壯大的中國中產(chǎn)階級提供了新型生態(tài)旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)。不但保護了該地區(qū)豐富的物種多樣性，也對歷史悠久的漁村修復(fù)做出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。

^{Mandaworks, Gossamer & Arcadis were commissioned as part of international competition, organized by the Shenzhen Bureau of Urban Planning & Natural Resources, to create a new resilient masterplan for one of Shenzhen's last remaining natural coastlines. At the doorstep to one of China's largest cities, the new Xichong Coastal Reserve enhances the natural seaside getaway experience, protects local ecosystems and communities, whilst supporting a new ecological tourism industry for a burgeoning Chinese middle class. The Coastal Reserve protects the region's rich biodiversity and restores historic fishing villages.}

2018年底，臺風(fēng)“山竹”肆虐中國南方，造成數(shù)十億美元的損失。從那時起，一系列重建項目開始有序進行。盡管處于臺風(fēng)區(qū)，受歡迎的多個海灘目的地已經(jīng)批準(zhǔn)在其海濱地區(qū)進行新的高密度大型開發(fā)建設(shè)。山海島公園則明顯不同于其它海灘。總體規(guī)劃優(yōu)先考慮抵御臺風(fēng)、生態(tài)恢復(fù)和保護在地村莊。通過這種方式，設(shè)計反映了中國國內(nèi)對敏感發(fā)展、環(huán)境保護、文化保護和真正的自然體驗態(tài)度的更廣泛的轉(zhuǎn)變。

^{In late 2018, Typhoon Manghut devastated southern China, causing billions of dollars in damage. Since then, a swathe of reconstruction projects has been underway. Despite being in a typhoon zone, popular beach destinations have approved new high-density mega-developments along their beachfront. The Xichong Coastal Reserve is markedly different. The masterplan prioritizes typhoon resistance, ecological restoration, and preservation of local villages. In this way, the design reflects the broader shift within China towards sensitive development, environmental protection, cultural preservation, and genuine nature experiences.}

Strong landscape elements, such as lakes wetlands and mountains complement the experience of village life

強烈的景觀元素，如湖泊、濕地和山脈，豐富了鄉(xiāng)村生活的體驗

Multi-Modal Transport Solutions - Gondola, Shuttle Bus and Bike Hire Stations

連山接海，多式聯(lián)運解決方案-貢多拉，短途巴士和自行車租賃中心，飽覽西涌自然之章

景觀驅(qū)動都市化進程 

^{Landscape Driven Urbanism} 

山海島公園以一種融合交通、城市設(shè)計、建筑、工程和旅游戰(zhàn)略的先進景觀方式引領(lǐng)潮流，以環(huán)境驅(qū)動的解決方案為重點，應(yīng)對各種挑戰(zhàn)。強有力的景觀主導(dǎo)框架允許一個合理的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，以增強該地區(qū)的生物多樣性、環(huán)境和應(yīng)對極端天氣的彈性能力。

^{Xichong Coastal Reserve leads with a progressive landscape approach integrating transport, urban design, architecture, engineering, and tourism strategies to prioritize environmentally-driven solutions to a wide range of challenges. The robust landscape-led framework allows for a rational development strategy that enhances the area’s biodiversity, environment, and extreme weather resiliency.} 

Regenerated wetland and mangrove areas doubling as new tourism infrastructure

魚塘嬉戲，濕地和紅樹林的再生面積成倍增加，成為新的旅游基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，將森林搬到水池里

The naturalized beach experience, weather resilient naturalized beach dunes & boardwalk

沙海拾貝，前往離海最近的地方  — 適應(yīng)天氣變化的海灘 & 沙丘浮橋

該項目通過修復(fù)被侵蝕的河流走廊、濕地和沿海紅樹林棲息地來恢復(fù)自然水流。這為游客提供了一套從木棧道、皮劃艇游線、觀鳥區(qū)和水上集市的體驗，而新的防洪住宅也回應(yīng)了自然河流系統(tǒng)。對現(xiàn)有農(nóng)田的升級，允許有機農(nóng)業(yè)，集市和茶館被周圍的山脈所保護，為新的瞭望臺，自行車道，徒步旅行的庇護所和懸崖小徑創(chuàng)造了機會。

^{The project restores natural water flows by repairing eroded river corridors, wetlands, and coastal mangrove habitats. This then provided a suite of tourist experiences from boardwalks, kayaking routes, bird hides, and floating markets, while new flood-proof residences respond to the natural river system. Upgrades to existing farmland, allowing for organic agriculture, markets and teahouses are protected by surrounding mountains that create opportunities for new lookouts, bicycle trails, hiking shelters and cliff walks.}

景觀保護自然 

^{Defending with Landscape} 

該項目的海岸防御策略通過恢復(fù)先前被臺風(fēng)和過度開發(fā)破壞的沙丘系統(tǒng)來減緩洪水和臺風(fēng)所帶來的影響。咖啡館、餐廳和更衣室都將出現(xiàn)在重建的沙丘景觀中，與受庇護的海灘步道、露營區(qū)和自然游樂場相連。混合現(xiàn)代工程和自然海岸景觀的新的堤壩，呈現(xiàn)出了獨特的景觀類型，并與之互動，同時保護免受洪水和公海的影響。

^{The project’s coastal defense strategy introduces flood and typhoon mitigation through reinstating dune systems previously destroyed by typhoons and over-development. Cafes, restaurants, and changing rooms are built within the re-constructed dune-scapes, connecting with sheltered beach walks, camping areas, and natural playgrounds. A new dike, hybridizing modern engineering and natural coastal landscapes, present unique landscape typologies to interact with whilst protecting against flood and high seas.}

景觀海防，自然知曉如何抵御自然 — 風(fēng)平浪靜時的新海濱

The new beachfront during a typhoon

景觀海防，自然知曉如何抵御自然 — 臺風(fēng)暴雨時的新海濱

Typhoon Proofing - Two new dike systems, the ring dike, and dune dike, combine with revegetation provide a hybridized natural response to extreme weather

抵御臺風(fēng) — 兩個新的堤壩系統(tǒng)，環(huán)堤與沙丘堤，與綠化相結(jié)合提供了一種應(yīng)對極端天氣的混合型自然響應(yīng)

Typhoon Proofing - Four major strategies: Dune dike, Ring Dike, Mangroves, and Wetlands. 

抵御臺風(fēng) — 四大策略: 沙丘堤、環(huán)堤、紅樹林和濕地

建筑融于景觀

^{Building with Landscape}

大部分的都市化擴張集中在四個現(xiàn)有的村莊周圍，與在地環(huán)境相融合。

^{The majority of urban expansion is focused around four existing villages that are then aligned to the surrounding landscape conditions.} 

The four revitalized villages of Xichong

四個西涌復(fù)興村落

西貢村;位于一個寧靜的山谷中，村落屋宇沿著一條經(jīng)過城鎮(zhèn)中心的被修復(fù)復(fù)的溪流進行擴展。沙崗村；位于蜿蜒梯田上的田園景觀所生產(chǎn)的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，將在小鎮(zhèn)的集市進行出售。鶴藪村; 場地最大的一個村莊，完成更新后的中央街道將被設(shè)計成一條新的纜車網(wǎng)絡(luò)和游覽步道，將人們從山上一路帶到海灘。最后,新屋村;位于場地的東部，將圍繞著一個可以俯瞰海岸線的新型康養(yǎng)中心進行拓展開發(fā)。

^{Xigong Town; located in a quiet and serene valley is expanded along a restored stream running through the center of town. Shagang Town; grows around new terraced orchards where local produce is grown and sold at the town markets. Hesou Town; the largest of the villages, is upgraded and a central civic street is designed to bring people from the mountains all the way to the beach via a new cable car network and trails. Finally, Xinwu Town; located to the east, is developed around a new health and wellness retreat that overlooks the coastline.} 

Main civic street with weekend markets 

村落的主要公共街道與周末集市空間

雖然大多數(shù)新開發(fā)與居民的聚集將集中在較大的村莊，一系列為游客和居民提供的精品住宿，將分散在景觀中。小的建筑干預(yù)也將響應(yīng)森林、山脈、農(nóng)田與河流，讓人們更接近一個新的、復(fù)興的西涌。

^{While most of the new development and residents will be focused in the larger villages, scattered through the landscape, are a series of boutique accommodations for visitors and residents. The small architectural interventions respond to the forests, mountains, farmlands, and rivers bringing people closer to a new, rejuvenated Xichong.} 

Boutique hotels in the forest

隱居山林，本色融于自然 - 現(xiàn)代東方風(fēng)格的精品森林度假酒店，俯瞰魚塘濕地

項目名稱 Project Name: 山海島公園 Xichong Coastal Reserve

場地地點 Location: 深圳，中國 Shenzhen, China

場地面積 Site area: 18k㎡

完成年份 Year: 2019

項目客戶 Client: 深圳市城市規(guī)劃和自然資源局，深圳市大鵬新區(qū)委員會 Shenzhen Bureau of Urban Planning & Natural Resources, Shenzhen Dapeng New District Committee

項目類型 Project Type: 城市設(shè)計/景觀設(shè)計/彈性設(shè)計 Urban Design / Landscape Architecture / Resiliency Design

高勢是擁有多學(xué)科、多專業(yè)實踐經(jīng)驗的國際設(shè)計咨詢公司，總部位于上海，專注于打造適宜人、場所、環(huán)境的設(shè)計。作為怡境集團的一部分，高勢將國際一流的設(shè)計理念與本土專業(yè)落地配合的能力優(yōu)勢相結(jié)合，致力于為我們的客戶與合作伙伴提供最優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務(wù)。

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