山西韓洪溝軍械庫咖啡建筑設計 | 三文建筑

▼咖啡廳鳥瞰

Bird’s eye view of the cafe

▼從村路俯視咖啡廳

Overlooking the cafe from village road

▼雪夜下的咖啡廳

Cafe in the snowy night

▼白雪中的咖啡廳

Cafe in the white snow

▼咖啡廳室內

Interior of the cafe

選址，空間和敘事的雙重需要

Site Selection: The Dual Needs of Space and Narration

項目始于場地的選取。正如設計團隊大部分項目一樣，場地并不是指定的，而是在踏勘過程中，精心挑選的結果。韓洪溝老村呈一個狹長的梭子形，場地位于韓洪溝老村中后部，前面是村中的溝渠和空地。因為正好處于地理長軸的中線上，所以場地很自然的成為了視線的焦點，也是觀賞村莊中心景觀最理想的位置。選擇在這里設立休閑性的公共建筑，其邏輯類似于中國傳統園林中亭或軒榭的設立，既是觀景的落腳點，也是被看的景觀主體。

The project begins with site selection. As with most projects of the design team, the site is not designated, but the result of careful selection during the survey. The old village of Hanhonggou is of a long and narrow shuttle-shaped landform. The site is located in the middle and rear of the old village, with ditches and open spaces in front of it. Because it is just on the middle line of the geographical long axis, the site naturally becomes the focus of the line of sight, and is also the most ideal location for viewing the central landscape of the village. The logic of choosing to set up the public buildings for leisure here is similar to the establishment of pavilions in traditional Chinese gardens: It is not only the foothold for viewing the landscape, but also the main body of the landscape to be viewed.

▼韓洪溝老村鳥瞰

Bird’s eye view of the Hanhonggou old village

▼咖啡廳為鄉村提供了休閑的場所

Cafe provides a leisure place for the village.

▼從遠處眺望，咖啡廳看作為景觀主體

Viewed from the far, the cafe could be regarded as the main body of landscape.  

場地是村中的廢棄宅基地，據傳曾是抗戰時期太岳軍區槍械修理局所在地。原有房屋已經大部分坍塌，只剩半間土房和基址，現存的院門也是后來根據當地民居形式復建的。槍械修理局的戲劇性主題也是選擇這里的原因之一，它也對后續設計語言的選擇提供了依據。

The site was an abandoned homestead in the village that is said to once be the location of the Firearms Repair Bureau of Taiyue Military Region during the Anti-Japanese War. Most of the original houses have collapsed, leaving only half of the earthen house and the foundation site. The existing courtyard gate was later rebuilt according to the local residential form. The dramatic theme of the Firearms Repair Bureau is also one of the reasons for choosing this site, which also provides a basis for the selection of subsequent design languages.

▼從復建的院門看向庭院內部土房

The half earthen house viewed from the rebuilt courtyard gate

空間布局，與樹和老土房共生

Spatial Arrangement: A Symbiosis with Trees and Old Earthen House

場地中最明顯，也最吸引人的元素是殘留的半間土房和參差的樹。

土房已經倒塌了一半，殘留的半間給人一種凝固的時間感，但又不是悲涼。由于院子中主要的房屋已經全部倒塌，只剩基址，因此場地中的樹就成為了視覺和空間的另一個主體。此處樹的品種并不名貴，樹形瘦高，樹干呈黑色，如同一排桿子，插在場地中。它們很自然的成為從遠處觀看場地的前景。在一組豎直的“桿子”中有一個異類——場地中央一顆嚴重傾斜的樹，樹干與地面的角度幾乎是30度，給人一種不真實的“搖滾”感，增加了場地的戲劇性。

The most obvious and attractive elements in the site are the remaining half earthen house and uneven trees.

Half of the earthen house has collapsed, and the remaining half gives people a sense of time, yet without sadness. As the main buildings in the courtyard have collapsed, leaving only the base site, the trees in the site become another subject of vision and space. The species of trees here are not valuable, which are tall and thin, with black trunks, like a row of poles inserted in the field. They naturally become the foreground of viewing the venue from a distance. In a group of vertical "poles", there is a disparate one - a tree with a serious inclination in the middle of the site. The angle between the trunk and the ground is almost 30 degrees, which gives people an unreal sense of "rocking" and increases the dramaticism of the venue.

▼場地原貌

Original appearance of site

▼場地院落中參差的樹

Original appearance of the trees in courtyard  

▼老土墻和傾斜的樹是庭院中的焦點

Old walls and sloping trees are the focus of the courtyard 

在觀察完場地后，建筑師決定保留半間土房和樹，并以它們為基點，構建新的空間關系。新建筑避讓老房子和樹，呈L字型，L的里側是半間土房，新建筑半圍合老房子。L的長邊外側是那排豎直的樹，它們構成了建筑前面的剪影。“搖滾樹”被保留，仍舊傾斜著指向建筑，在建筑師的想象中，孩子們可以調皮的順著傾斜的樹干走上去，再從半高處跳下來，這本就是童年生活的一部分。

After observing the site, the architect decided to preserve the half earthen house together with the trees and build a new spatial relationship based on them. The new building gives way to the old house and trees in the shape of the letter L, of which the inner side is the half earthen house, which is half enclosed by the new building. On the outside of the long side of the L is a row of vertical trees, which form a silhouette in front of the building. The "rocking tree" is preserved and still tilts to the building. In the architect's imagination, children can naughtily walk up the sloping tree trunk and then jump down from half height, as a part of their childhood.

▼L型新建筑搭建施工

The construction process of the new L-shaped architecture

▼“搖滾樹”等原生樹與土房均在庭院設計中得到保留

The “rock tree” and any other original trees, together with the earthen house are kept in the courtyard design.

施工完成后，新舊建筑之間，建筑與樹木之間形成了一種共生關系，它們彼此交錯，達成了新的平衡。

After the completion of the construction, a symbiotic relationship has been formed between the old and the new buildings, as well as between the buildings and the trees. They crisscross with each other and reach a new balance.

▼建筑與樹木構成共生關系

A symbiotic relationship has been formed between the buildings and the trees.

建筑，鄉土與時尚共存

Buildings: A Coexistence of Provincialism with Fashion

建筑為一層，強調水平方向的表達：平屋頂、室外平臺和出挑的檐口設計都使建筑看上去很舒展。從遠處看，建筑的水平線和樹的垂直線形成了一種十字相交的關系，強化了建筑與樹之間的圖底關系。

The flat roof, outdoor platform and overhanging cornice design all make the single-storey building look relaxed. From a distance, the horizontal line of the building and the vertical line of the trees form a cross intersecting relationship, strengthening the figure-ground relation between the building and the trees.

▼平屋頂、室外平臺與出挑的檐口為一層建筑增添了舒展感

The flat roof, outdoor platform and overhanging cornice design all make the single-storey building look relaxed.

建筑立面的開合邏輯依循視線和景觀的邏輯。外側立面，面向中心景觀的部分開放，落地玻璃的設計將室外景色引入建筑，建筑和環境的界面也被透明材料柔化，視線得以在室內外滲透。朝向道路的墻面相對封閉，采用當地傳統的磊石工藝完成。面向內院的立面則以半間土房為核心，靠近它的部分為落地玻璃，遠離老房子的立面則以封閉墻體為主。

The opening and closing logic of building facade follows the logic of sight line and landscape. Parts of the exterior facade are open to the central landscape. The design of fullview glass windows introduces the outdoor scenery into the building. The interface between the building and the environment is softened by transparent materials, and the sight can penetrate indoors and outdoors. The wall facing the road is relatively closed, which is completed by local traditional stone-laying technology. The facade facing the inner courtyard is centered on the half earthen house, the part near which is fullview glass, while the facade away from which is mainly enclosed wall.

▼落地玻璃將室外景色引入建筑

The design of fullview glass windows introduces the outdoor scenery into the building.

▼咖啡廳室內外視線有很好的交流

Cafe with good communication between indoor and outdoor lines of sight  

▼磊石墻面施工過程 

Construction process of stone-laying walls

▼內院立面以半間土房為核心

The facade facing the inner courtyard is centered on the half earthen house.  

建筑主體結構為鋼結構，外立面材料主要為玻璃和毛石。鋼結構既可以保證施工的速度，又可避免新建筑對樹木的影響。毛石是此地的傳統建筑的典型特色，它有利于新建筑與場所之間建立一種時間和空間上的文脈聯系。

在功能上，新建筑是咖啡廳和水吧，它為韓洪溝民宿客人提供了主要的公共休閑場所。為了保護場地中的樹，建筑室內分為兩個區域，兩個區域之間是一個半開放的灰空間，一顆樹從中間穿出。

新建筑在服務外來客人之余，也給村莊帶來了生機，為老村平添了一份時尚的氣氛。

The main structure of the building is steel structure, and the facade materials are mainly glass and rubble. Steel structure not only ensures the speed of construction, but also avoids the impact of new buildings on trees. Rubble is a typical feature of the local traditional architecture, which is conducive to the establishment of a temporal and spatial context between the new building and the site.

In terms of function, the new building is a cafe with water bar, which provides a main public leisure place for the guests of homestays in Hanhonggou. In order to protect the trees in the site, the interior of the building is divided into two areas. Between the two areas is a semi open gray space, and a tree goes out from the middle.

In addition to serving foreign guests, the new building also brings vitality to the village and adds a fashionable atmosphere to the old village.

室內，硬朗但不冷漠

Indoor: Tough but Not Cold

因為建筑的前身曾經是抗戰時期的槍械修理局，軍事自然成為室內設計的主題。室內并不復雜，也不追求細膩的奢華感，地面和墻面主要采用紅磚，利用了磚良好的尺度，半手工的質感和溫暖的體感，中和了鋼和玻璃的冰冷。地面在局部區域選用了橄欖綠釉面瓷磚，與紅磚形成色彩和質感上的對比，活躍了氣氛。吧臺和固定坐席使用水泥抹灰，配合工業感的桌椅，彈藥箱造型的坐凳，以及暴露的屋頂設備管線，空間給人硬朗的氣質。燈光選用裸泡的處理，暖黃色的光，略微刺眼的眩光，都暗示了空間的休閑身份。

Because the predecessor of the building was the Firearms Repair Bureau during the Anti-Japanese War, military naturally became the theme of interior design. The interior is not complicated and does not pursue exquisite luxury. The floor and walls are mainly made of red brick, which takes advantage of the good scale of brick, semi manual texture and warm body feeling, neutralizing the cold of steel and glass. The olive green glazed tile is selected for the ground partially, which forms the contrast of color and texture with red brick and enlivens the atmosphere. The bar counter and fixed seats are plastered with cement. With industrial style furniture, ammunition box shaped benches, and exposed roof equipment pipelines, the space gives a strong and tough temperament. The choice of naked bubble lighting, warm yellow light, slightly dazzling glare, all imply the leisure identity of the space.

▼紅磚、綠色瓷磚，軍事主題的家具定義了室內的基調 

Red brick, green ceramic tile and military themed furniture define the tone of the interior.

▼吧臺區細部

Details of the bar zone  

外部空間，滿足多元使用訴求

External Space: To Meet Multiple Use Demands

建筑外部空間由院落和室外平臺區域兩部分組成。

院落不大，新建筑位于院落西北部，建筑入口的灰空間為客人提供戶外小坐的可能性。老土房和“搖滾樹”在院子中間，可看可玩。院落東南角設立有燒烤池和室外坐席，可以供多人在戶外聚會燒烤。夜晚，吃著烤串、喝著啤酒，仰望星空，很愜意。

新建筑西面靠近水池的區域，設計了室外木平臺和沙坑。木平臺可供客人在室外落座，沙坑則是孩子們玩耍的天堂。

The external space of the building is composed of courtyard and outdoor platform area.

The courtyard is small, and the new building is located in the northwest of the courtyard. The gray space at the entrance of the building provides the possibility of outdoor sitting for guests. The old earthen house and "rocking tree" are in the middle of the yard, which can be seen and played. There are barbecue pool and outdoor seats in the southeast corner of the courtyard, which can be used for many people to gather and barbecue outdoors. In nights, eating grilled skewers, drinking beer, and looking up at the stars, what an enjoyment!

In the west of the new building near the pool area, outdoor wooden platforms and sand pit are designed. The wooden platform allows guests to take their seats outdoors, and the sand pit is a paradise for children.

▼咖啡廳西側的水池和沙坑 

Pool and sandpit on the west side of the cafe

意外：老房子的破損和偶得

Accident: Damage and Windfall Gains

咖啡廳于2020年7月初步建成，開始試運行接待顧客。但正如古語所說：“好事多磨”，沁源縣遇到了幾十年不遇的雨季，連續近2個月的下雨使村中的很多老土房都開始出現破損，甚至有些房屋因為屋頂漏雨而坍塌。咖啡廳院子里的老土房也沒能幸免，8月底工人發現老土房的墻角開始出現裂縫，墻體開始傾斜。雖然全力搶修，但不幸的是土墻的開裂和傾斜并沒有停止。無奈之下，為了保證安全，只能拆除屋頂和部分墻體。

并沒有完全抹去老土房的痕跡，在建筑師的要求下，保留了下半部分土墻。它與原來設計的小沙坑一起形成了供兒童游戲的活動場地。被“降低”的墻體意外的將新建筑暴露出來，并使內院空間更為舒朗。未來，建筑師仍然會對老土墻進行保護和再利用，但當下的狀態的確是一種偶得。有時候，建筑就是如此，一切皆有可能，塞翁失馬，焉知非福。

The coffee shop has been built in July 2020 and put into trial operation to receive customers. However, as the old saying goes, "The road to happiness is strewn with setbacks.” Qinyuan County encountered the rainy season that has not happened in decades. The rain for nearly two months has made many old earthen houses in the village begin to be damaged, and some houses even collapsed because of the roof leakage, incl. the old earthen house in the courtyard of the cafe. At the end of August, workers found that cracks began to appear in the corners of the old house and the walls began to tilt. Unfortunately, the cracks and inclinations of the walls did not stop in spite of all the repairs. Finally, in order to ensure safety, the roof and part of the walls had to be demolished.

Yet the traces of the old earthen house has not been completely erased, as the lower part of the walls has been retained at the request of the architect. With the originally designed small bunker together, it forms a playground for children. The "lowered" walls accidentally expose the new building and make the interior space of the courtyard more comfortable. In the future, the architect will still protect and reuse the old earth walls, but the current state is indeed a kind of windfall. Sometimes, architecture is like this: Everything is possible. A blessing in disguise, as the Chinese say.

▼平面生成圖

The plan generation ? 3andwich Design

▼首層平面圖

The first floor plan ? 3andwich Design

▼總平面圖

The overall plan ? 3andwich Design

_項目信息

_{項目名稱：軍械庫咖啡}

_{項目地點：山西省沁源縣沁河鎮韓洪溝村}

_{業主：沁源縣沁河鎮人民政府}

_{建筑、室內設計：三文建筑}

_{官方網站：www.3andwichdesign.com}

_{主持建筑師：何崴、陳龍}

_{團隊成員：梁筑寓、桑婉晨、劉明陽、曹詩晴、趙馨澤、李俊琪、張浩然（實習）}

_{項目顧問：周榕、廉毅銳}

_{駐場工程師：劉衛東}

_{設計時間：2019年}

_{建成時間：2020年}

_{建筑面積：170㎡}

_{圖片來源：金偉琦、三文建筑}

_{Project Name：The Arsenal Café}

_{Project Location: Hanhonggou Village, Qinyuan County, Shanxi Province, China}

_{Owner: People’s Government of Qinyuan County}

_{Architecture and Interior Design: 3andwich Design}

_{Company Website: www.3andwichdesign.com}

_{Principle Architects: He Wei, Chen Long}

_{Design Team: Liang Zhuyu, Sang Wanchen, Liu Mingyang, Cao Shiqing, Zhao Xinze, Li Junqi, Zhang Haoran}

_{Project Consulting: Zhou Rong, Lian Yirui}

_{Design Period: 2019}

_{Completion Time: 2020}

_{Building Area: 170 sqm}

_{Photographers: Jin Weiqi, 3andwich Design}

_{版權聲明：本文版權歸原作者所有，請勿以景觀中國編輯版本轉載。如有侵犯您的權益請及時聯系，我們將第一時間刪除。}

_{投稿郵箱：info@landscape.cn}

_{項目咨詢：18510568018（微信同號）}